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Lecturer(s)
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Ulrichová Jitka, prof. RNDr. CSc.
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Vostálová Jitka, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Kosina Pavel, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Rajnochová Svobodová Alena, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Zatloukalová Martina, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans. Glycoproteins. Lipid metabolism, overview. Lipoproteins. Fatty acid degradation. Ketone bodies. Fatty acid biosynthesis. Polyunsaturated fatty acids. Eicosanoids. Triacylglycerol metabolism. Lipolysis. Phospholipid and glycolipid metabolism. Cholesterol metabolism. Bile acids. Steroids. Vitamin D. Insulin, glucagon, effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Pathobiochemistry of carbohydrates. Pathobiochemistry of lipids. Proteolysis, general pathways of amino acids catabolism. Amino acids biosynthesis, urea cycle. Metabolism of aromatic amino acids. Catecholamines. Tetrapyrroles: heme biosynthesis. Bile pigments. Iron metabolism. Nucleotides-structure, function, metabolism. Minerals, trace elements, metabolic and biological role. Biochemical markers in clinical diagnosis. Biologically important radicals. Oxidative stress. Antioxidants. NO - Biosynthesis and function. Gastrointestinal digestion and absorption. Detoxification function of the liver. Metabolism of xenobiotics. Extracellular matrix, Biosynthesis of extracellular proteins. Osteosynthesis. Biochemistry of muscle contraction: energy supply in skeletal and muscle heart. Biochemistry of neurodegenerative diseases. Biochemistry of vision. Nucleic acid, analysis. Cell models in biochemistry and toxicology. Determination of acetylsalicylic acid in Acylpyrin. Enzymes, introduction: nomenclature, structure, factors influencing enzyme activity. Determination of Michaelis constant of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum. Demonstration of enzymatic character of peroxidase. Demonstration of substrate specificity of -amylase and sucrase. Inhibition of enzymatic activity - inhibition of catalase by cyanide. Determination of optimum temperature for trypsin. Enzymes important in diagnostic. Warburgs´ optic test. Determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) activity in serum. Determination of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in serum. Immunoanalytic methods. Determination of rheumatoid factor in serum by LFT. Acido-basic equilibrium. Metabolism of saccharides. Determination of glucose in serum and urine. Oral glucose tolerance test (GTT). Determination of glucose and ketones by diagnostic test strips. Determination of glucose in blood by glucometer. Determination of glycated hemoglobin. Lipid metabolism. Lipid profile: evaluation of diagnostically important parameters in serum (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides). Determination of diagnostically important atherosclerosis parameters in serum (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides). Amino acids metabolism. Digestion of proteins. Main metabolic pathways of amino acids. Determination of urea in urine and serum. Determination of creatinine in serum and urine; creatinine clearance calculation. Overview of saccharide, lipid and protein metabolism: Course unit test. Microscopy of urinary sediment. Gallstone analysis. Determination of gastric output. Nucleic acids. Nucleotides. Determination of uric acid. Xanthin oxidase. Urinalysis. Tetrapyrrols metabolism. Determination of hemoglobin in blood. Determination of bilirubin in serum. Test for blood in feaces. Test for blood in urine. Practical test: clinical biochemistry methods. Revision, regulation and integration of key metabolic pathways.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Work with Text (with Book, Textbook), Demonstration
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the subject is to explain teoretical principles of biochemistry and the regulatory mechanisms of basic metabolic pathways. This knowledge is essential for interpretation of physiological and pathological events in human organism. Students are also trained in laboratory classes with respect to master simple biochemical analyses and the ability to interpret the results from laboratory tests.
The student who passes the subject will be equipped with theoretical knowledge on basic biochemical pathways and information on regulation of intermediary metabolism. Student will be able to interpret physiological and pathological events in human organism. In practice, student will be able to work according to good laboratory practice rules and to perform basic biochemical tests and to interpret laboratory results.
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Prerequisites
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Passing subject Medical chemistry.
LCH/VAB20 and NAN/VAB13 and NAN/VAA13 and CJA/VA031 and BIO/VAB11 and LBF/VAA11 and LCH/VAA11 and PVL/VAB71 and CJA/VAB41 and HIE/VAB11 and KAR/VAB11 and LBF/VAB11
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written exam, Didactic Test
100 % attendance in practicals
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Recommended literature
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Devlin T.M. (2006). Textbook of biochemistry with clinical correlations (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Dvořáčková, S., Vičar, J., Walterová, D. (2007). Calculations in Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry. CR, Olomouc - Palacký University.
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Champe, P.C., Harvey, R.A. (1994). Biochemistry (2nd or 3rd Edition). Lipincott Comp.
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Champe, P.C., Harvey, R.A. (2008). Biochemistry (4th edition). Lipincott Williams & Wilkins.
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