Ropné pole Taq Taq je jedním z důležitých ropných polí v povodí Zagros, které je velmi důležité
pro vládu irácké oblasti Kurdistán. V posledních letech se produkce ropy z tohoto velkého ropného
pole drasticky snížila, ze 148 000 barelů denně na 4 500 barelů denně. Sběr dat a různé studie
provedené na formacích rezervoárů v tomto ropném poli ukazují, že tyto formace mají mnoho
zlomů. Zásobníky tohoto ropného pole lze rozdělit na dva hlavní typy, rozbité zásobníky typu 1 a
rozbité zásobníky typu 2. V rozlomených nádržích typu 1 jsou zlomy odpovědné za skladování i
dodávku uhlovodíků. Na druhé straně je rozlomená nádrž typu 2 uložena v matrici a dodávána přes
zlomeniny. Pečlivým zkoumáním různých rysů tohoto pole bylo zjištěno, že v jeho studních došlo
k fenoménu vodního kužele. Jedním z nejdůležitějších důvodů výskytu tohoto jevu na poli Taq Taq
je typ rozbité nádrže a nadměrná těžba ropy v krátkém časovém období na tomto poli. Existuje
mnoho řešení k vyřešení tohoto problému, jedním z nejlepších dostupných řešení pro vyřešení
problému vodního kužele v ropném poli Taq Taq je použití horizontálních vrtů
Anotace v angličtině
Taq Taq oil field is one of the main oil fields in the Zagros basin, which is very important for the
government of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. In recent years, oil production from this large oil field
has decreased drastically, from 148,000 barrels per day to 4,500 barrels per day. Data collection
and various studies conducted on the reservoir formations in this oil field show that these
formations have many fractures. The reservoirs of this oil field can be divided into two main types.
Fractured reservoirs type 1, and fractured reservoirs type 2. In fractured reservoirs type 1, fractures
are responsible for both the storage and delivery of hydrocarbons. But fractured reservoir type 2
storage is provided by the matrix and delivery is provided through the fractures. By carefully
examining the various features of this field, it was found that the phenomenon of water coning has
occurred in its wells. One of the most important reasons for the occurrence of this phenomenon in
the Taq Taq oil field is the type of reservoir being fractured and the over-production of oil in a
short period of time in this oil field without drilling new wells. There are many solutions to solve
this problem, one of the best solutions available to solve the problem of water coning in the Taq
Taq oil field is to use horizontal wells.
Klíčová slova
pánev Zagros; Taq Taq ropné pole; Nádrže na zlomeniny; Vodní kužel;
Horizontální studny
Ropné pole Taq Taq je jedním z důležitých ropných polí v povodí Zagros, které je velmi důležité
pro vládu irácké oblasti Kurdistán. V posledních letech se produkce ropy z tohoto velkého ropného
pole drasticky snížila, ze 148 000 barelů denně na 4 500 barelů denně. Sběr dat a různé studie
provedené na formacích rezervoárů v tomto ropném poli ukazují, že tyto formace mají mnoho
zlomů. Zásobníky tohoto ropného pole lze rozdělit na dva hlavní typy, rozbité zásobníky typu 1 a
rozbité zásobníky typu 2. V rozlomených nádržích typu 1 jsou zlomy odpovědné za skladování i
dodávku uhlovodíků. Na druhé straně je rozlomená nádrž typu 2 uložena v matrici a dodávána přes
zlomeniny. Pečlivým zkoumáním různých rysů tohoto pole bylo zjištěno, že v jeho studních došlo
k fenoménu vodního kužele. Jedním z nejdůležitějších důvodů výskytu tohoto jevu na poli Taq Taq
je typ rozbité nádrže a nadměrná těžba ropy v krátkém časovém období na tomto poli. Existuje
mnoho řešení k vyřešení tohoto problému, jedním z nejlepších dostupných řešení pro vyřešení
problému vodního kužele v ropném poli Taq Taq je použití horizontálních vrtů
Anotace v angličtině
Taq Taq oil field is one of the main oil fields in the Zagros basin, which is very important for the
government of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. In recent years, oil production from this large oil field
has decreased drastically, from 148,000 barrels per day to 4,500 barrels per day. Data collection
and various studies conducted on the reservoir formations in this oil field show that these
formations have many fractures. The reservoirs of this oil field can be divided into two main types.
Fractured reservoirs type 1, and fractured reservoirs type 2. In fractured reservoirs type 1, fractures
are responsible for both the storage and delivery of hydrocarbons. But fractured reservoir type 2
storage is provided by the matrix and delivery is provided through the fractures. By carefully
examining the various features of this field, it was found that the phenomenon of water coning has
occurred in its wells. One of the most important reasons for the occurrence of this phenomenon in
the Taq Taq oil field is the type of reservoir being fractured and the over-production of oil in a
short period of time in this oil field without drilling new wells. There are many solutions to solve
this problem, one of the best solutions available to solve the problem of water coning in the Taq
Taq oil field is to use horizontal wells.
Klíčová slova
pánev Zagros; Taq Taq ropné pole; Nádrže na zlomeniny; Vodní kužel;
Horizontální studny
Studying and investigating the existing problems in the Taq Taq oil field and its impact on oil production and providing solutions and reasons for this oil reduction.
1.Intrudaction
2. Methodology
3. Result
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
Zásady pro vypracování
Studying and investigating the existing problems in the Taq Taq oil field and its impact on oil production and providing solutions and reasons for this oil reduction.
1.Intrudaction
2. Methodology
3. Result
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
Seznam doporučené literatury
Garland, C.R., Abalioglu, I., Akca, L., Cassidy, A., Chiffoleau, Y., Godail, L., Grace, M.A.S., Kader, H.J., Khalek, F., Legarre, H. and Nazhat, H.B., 2010. Appraisal and development of the Taq Taq field, Kurdistan region, Iraq. In Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference Series (Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 801-810). London: The Geological Society of London. •Kosari, E., Kadkhodaie, A., Bahroudi, A., Chehrazi, A. and Talebian, M., 2017. An integrated approach to study the impact of fractures distribution on the Ilam-Sarvak carbonate reservoirs: A case study from the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 152, 104-115. •Reif, D., Decker, K., Grasemann, B. and Peresson, H., 2012. Fracture patterns in the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Tectonophysics, 576, 46-62. •Genel Energy. "Taq Taq Field, Kurdistan Region of Iraq." https://www.genelenergy.com/operations/taq-taq/ •Baban, D.H. and Ranyayi, K.S., 2013. Potentiality of Paleocene source rocks and their contribution in generating the accumulated oil in the Eocene Pila Spi Reservoir in Taq Taq Oil Field, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 6, 4225-4237.
Seznam doporučené literatury
Garland, C.R., Abalioglu, I., Akca, L., Cassidy, A., Chiffoleau, Y., Godail, L., Grace, M.A.S., Kader, H.J., Khalek, F., Legarre, H. and Nazhat, H.B., 2010. Appraisal and development of the Taq Taq field, Kurdistan region, Iraq. In Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference Series (Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 801-810). London: The Geological Society of London. •Kosari, E., Kadkhodaie, A., Bahroudi, A., Chehrazi, A. and Talebian, M., 2017. An integrated approach to study the impact of fractures distribution on the Ilam-Sarvak carbonate reservoirs: A case study from the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 152, 104-115. •Reif, D., Decker, K., Grasemann, B. and Peresson, H., 2012. Fracture patterns in the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Tectonophysics, 576, 46-62. •Genel Energy. "Taq Taq Field, Kurdistan Region of Iraq." https://www.genelenergy.com/operations/taq-taq/ •Baban, D.H. and Ranyayi, K.S., 2013. Potentiality of Paleocene source rocks and their contribution in generating the accumulated oil in the Eocene Pila Spi Reservoir in Taq Taq Oil Field, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 6, 4225-4237.
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First attempt: 2. 8. 2023 - failed (F)
Downgrading the reserves in the Taq Taq oil field in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. What went wrong?
The student summarized the outcomes from his thesis in Powerpoint presentation. In the Introduction he described the problem of reduction of oil production in the Taq Taq oil field and mentioned the aims of the study. In the methodology part, the candidate described the stratigraphy of the Shiranish, Kometan, and Qamchuga formations, their selected well log characteristics, and reservoir quality data. The student presented results adopted from literature including reflection seismic profiles, well logs, and overview of porosity/permeability, description of reservoir types (two types of fracture reservoirs). The student then discussed the problem of water coning, explained the changes in production rates as stemming from this problem, and summarized the common methods how to manage the water coning.
The tutor of the thesis was dr. Howri Mansurbeg who summarized the formal and factual parts of the thesis, and recommended the thesis for defense with evaluation C. The reviewer, dr. Pavel Spirov, makes a few brief comments about the factual and formal parts of the thesis, criticises several formal issues, including missing references in the final list, incorrect citations, and the use of units in figures, suggests E.
There were comments from other members of the committee, dr. Ali Jagar (water coning), and prof. Ondřej Bábek (identification of water coning), dr. Pavel Spirov (additional comments), to which the student generally did not answer or answered incorrectly.
The committee discussed the poor answers of the candidate, and then, by voting, graded the defence with final grade F.