Jedním z nevyhnutelných problémů, který vzniká při vrtání, je ztráta kapaliny, při které je část vrtné kapaliny filtrována do porézních a propustných útvarů. Ztrátu tekutin lze účinně léčit kombinací nanorůtek, které mají speciální vlastnosti, s cenově dostupnými biologicky odbouratelnými materiály. Tato studie si klade za cíl vyvinout nano-biologicky odbouratelné vrtné výplachy z dubové kůry, semen Gundelia a prášku ze slupky rambutanu. Za tímto účelem byly zinkové nanorody (NR) syntetizovány zeleně z extraktu rostliny Cydonia Oblonga a charakterizovány pomocí několika analytických technik, jako je skenovací elektronický mikroskop (SEM), rentgenová difrakce (XRD) a infračervená spektroskopie s Fourierovou transformací (FTIR). ) metody.
Biologicky odbouratelné vrtné výplachy byly připraveny přidáním prášku z použitých odpadních materiálů (dubová kůra, semena Gundelia a slupka rambutanu) v různých koncentracích a velikostech částic. Poté byl vyhodnocen dopad syntetizované nanotyče přípravou nano-biodegradabilních vrtných kapalin. Všechna požadovaná měření reologických a filtračních vlastností vyvinutého vrtného výplachu, biodegradabilních vrtných výplachů a nanobiodegradabilních vrtných výplachů byla provedena za normálních a HPHT podmínek. Získané výsledky ukázaly, že přidání 1 % hmotn. prášku z dubové kůry do referenční (základní) vrtné kapaliny snížilo objem ztráty filtru na 10,7 ml ve srovnání s referenční kapalinou (14,8 ml). Protože optimální koncentrace byla 0,5 % hmotn. prášku z kůry rambutanu poté přidaného k referenční tekutině, objem ztráty filtru se snížil na 8,6 ml.
Anotace v angličtině
One of the unavoidable issues that arises while drilling is the fluid loss, in which some of the drilling fluid is filtrated into the porous and permeable formations. Fluid loss can be effectively treated by combining nanorods, which have special properties, with affordable biodegradable materials. This study aims to develop nano-biodegradable drilling fluids from the oak peel, Gundelia seeds, and rambutan peel powders. For this purpose, zinc nanorods (NRs) was synthesized greenly from the extract of the Cydonia Oblonga plant and characterized using several analytical techniques, such as scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods.
Biodegradable drilling fluids were prepared from adding the prepared powders of the used waste materials (oak peel, Gundelia seed peel, and rambutan peel) at different concentrations and particle sizes. Then, the impact of the synthesized nanorods was evaluated by preparing nano-biodegradable drilling fluids. All the required measurements for the rheological and filtration properties of the developed drilling fluid, biodegradable drilling fluids and nano-biodegradable drilling fluids were performed. The obtaining results have shown that adding 1 wt.% of the oak peel powder to the reference (base) drilling fluid reduced the filter loss volume to 10.7 mL compared with the reference fluid (14.8 mL). As the optimal concentration was 0.5 wt.% of rambutan peel powder then added to the reference fluid, the filter loss volume was reduced to 8.6 mL.
Klíčová slova
Odpadní materiály; nanorod; vrtné kapaliny; reologické vlastnosti; filtrační vlastnosti.
Jedním z nevyhnutelných problémů, který vzniká při vrtání, je ztráta kapaliny, při které je část vrtné kapaliny filtrována do porézních a propustných útvarů. Ztrátu tekutin lze účinně léčit kombinací nanorůtek, které mají speciální vlastnosti, s cenově dostupnými biologicky odbouratelnými materiály. Tato studie si klade za cíl vyvinout nano-biologicky odbouratelné vrtné výplachy z dubové kůry, semen Gundelia a prášku ze slupky rambutanu. Za tímto účelem byly zinkové nanorody (NR) syntetizovány zeleně z extraktu rostliny Cydonia Oblonga a charakterizovány pomocí několika analytických technik, jako je skenovací elektronický mikroskop (SEM), rentgenová difrakce (XRD) a infračervená spektroskopie s Fourierovou transformací (FTIR). ) metody.
Biologicky odbouratelné vrtné výplachy byly připraveny přidáním prášku z použitých odpadních materiálů (dubová kůra, semena Gundelia a slupka rambutanu) v různých koncentracích a velikostech částic. Poté byl vyhodnocen dopad syntetizované nanotyče přípravou nano-biodegradabilních vrtných kapalin. Všechna požadovaná měření reologických a filtračních vlastností vyvinutého vrtného výplachu, biodegradabilních vrtných výplachů a nanobiodegradabilních vrtných výplachů byla provedena za normálních a HPHT podmínek. Získané výsledky ukázaly, že přidání 1 % hmotn. prášku z dubové kůry do referenční (základní) vrtné kapaliny snížilo objem ztráty filtru na 10,7 ml ve srovnání s referenční kapalinou (14,8 ml). Protože optimální koncentrace byla 0,5 % hmotn. prášku z kůry rambutanu poté přidaného k referenční tekutině, objem ztráty filtru se snížil na 8,6 ml.
Anotace v angličtině
One of the unavoidable issues that arises while drilling is the fluid loss, in which some of the drilling fluid is filtrated into the porous and permeable formations. Fluid loss can be effectively treated by combining nanorods, which have special properties, with affordable biodegradable materials. This study aims to develop nano-biodegradable drilling fluids from the oak peel, Gundelia seeds, and rambutan peel powders. For this purpose, zinc nanorods (NRs) was synthesized greenly from the extract of the Cydonia Oblonga plant and characterized using several analytical techniques, such as scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) methods.
Biodegradable drilling fluids were prepared from adding the prepared powders of the used waste materials (oak peel, Gundelia seed peel, and rambutan peel) at different concentrations and particle sizes. Then, the impact of the synthesized nanorods was evaluated by preparing nano-biodegradable drilling fluids. All the required measurements for the rheological and filtration properties of the developed drilling fluid, biodegradable drilling fluids and nano-biodegradable drilling fluids were performed. The obtaining results have shown that adding 1 wt.% of the oak peel powder to the reference (base) drilling fluid reduced the filter loss volume to 10.7 mL compared with the reference fluid (14.8 mL). As the optimal concentration was 0.5 wt.% of rambutan peel powder then added to the reference fluid, the filter loss volume was reduced to 8.6 mL.
Klíčová slova
Odpadní materiály; nanorod; vrtné kapaliny; reologické vlastnosti; filtrační vlastnosti.
Thesis should contain following chapters /not binding/:
1. Introduction and Aims, 2. Background (literature review),
3. Material and methods, 4. Results and discussion, 6. Conclusions, and 7. References
Zásady pro vypracování
Thesis should contain following chapters /not binding/:
1. Introduction and Aims, 2. Background (literature review),
3. Material and methods, 4. Results and discussion, 6. Conclusions, and 7. References
Seznam doporučené literatury
Recommended sources: Adebowale A, Raji J (2015) Local content supplements as an alternative to imported corrosion control additives for drilling mud treatment (a case study of the use of burnt plantain and banana peels. In: Proceedings of the international academic conference for sub-Sahara African transformation and development, vol 3 Al-Hameedi ATT, Alkinani HH, Dunn-Norman S, Alashwak NA, Alshammari AF, Alkhamis MM, Alsaba MT (2019b) Environmental friendly drilling fuid additives: can food waste products be used as thinners and fuid loss control agents for drilling fuid?. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi.org/10.2118/195410-ms Al-Hameedi ATT, Alkinani HH, Dunn-Norman S, Albazzaz HW, Alkhamis MM (2019a) Insights into eco-friendly and conventional drilling additives: applications, cost analysis, health, safety, and environmental considerations. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https ://doi.org/10.2118/195398-ms Amanullash M (2007) Screening and evaluation of some environmentfriendly mud additives to use in water-based drilling muds. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi.org/10.2118/98054- ms
Balestrini A, Maas A, Seheult M, Morton EK (2009) Advances in API/ISO standard grade purified poly- anionic cellulose (PAC) and drilling grade xanthan gum (XG) test procedure and specifcations defnition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi. org/10.2118/119973-ms Gray GR, Darley HCH, Rogers WF (1980) Composition and properties of oil well drilling fuids, 4th edn. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX Halliburton (2018) Products data sheet. http://www.halliburton.com/. Accessed 8 Jan 2022. Iheagwara O (2015) Comparative analysis of the use of banana peels and NaOH in Ph control in Nigerian clays. J Niger Assoc Math Phys 30:197–202 Iranwan S, Azmi A, Saaid M (2009) Corn cobs and sugar cane waste as viscosifer in drilling fuid. Pertanika J Sci Technol 17:173–181 Nmegbu J, Bekee BA (2014) Evaluation of corn cob cellulose and its suitability for drilling mud formulation. J Eng Res Appl 4:112–117 Nyeche W, Nmegbu J, Ifeoma P (2015) Drilling mud formulation using potato starch (Ipomoea batatas). J Eng Res Appl 5:48–54 Okorie MO (2009) Modifcation of drilling fuid PH with local additives (ash of burnt palm head sponge[BPHSP] and a rich potash mineral known as Trona. Pet Technol Dev J 1:1–16 ISSN: 1595-9104. Omotioma M, Ejikeme PCN, Mbah GO (2014) Comparative analysis of the efects of cashew and mango extracts on the rheological properties of water based mud. J Eng Res Appl 4:56–61 Thomas DC (1982) Thermal stability of starch- and carboxymethyl cellulose-based polymers used in drilling fuids. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi.org/10.2118/8463-pa
Seznam doporučené literatury
Recommended sources: Adebowale A, Raji J (2015) Local content supplements as an alternative to imported corrosion control additives for drilling mud treatment (a case study of the use of burnt plantain and banana peels. In: Proceedings of the international academic conference for sub-Sahara African transformation and development, vol 3 Al-Hameedi ATT, Alkinani HH, Dunn-Norman S, Alashwak NA, Alshammari AF, Alkhamis MM, Alsaba MT (2019b) Environmental friendly drilling fuid additives: can food waste products be used as thinners and fuid loss control agents for drilling fuid?. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi.org/10.2118/195410-ms Al-Hameedi ATT, Alkinani HH, Dunn-Norman S, Albazzaz HW, Alkhamis MM (2019a) Insights into eco-friendly and conventional drilling additives: applications, cost analysis, health, safety, and environmental considerations. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https ://doi.org/10.2118/195398-ms Amanullash M (2007) Screening and evaluation of some environmentfriendly mud additives to use in water-based drilling muds. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi.org/10.2118/98054- ms
Balestrini A, Maas A, Seheult M, Morton EK (2009) Advances in API/ISO standard grade purified poly- anionic cellulose (PAC) and drilling grade xanthan gum (XG) test procedure and specifcations defnition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi. org/10.2118/119973-ms Gray GR, Darley HCH, Rogers WF (1980) Composition and properties of oil well drilling fuids, 4th edn. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX Halliburton (2018) Products data sheet. http://www.halliburton.com/. Accessed 8 Jan 2022. Iheagwara O (2015) Comparative analysis of the use of banana peels and NaOH in Ph control in Nigerian clays. J Niger Assoc Math Phys 30:197–202 Iranwan S, Azmi A, Saaid M (2009) Corn cobs and sugar cane waste as viscosifer in drilling fuid. Pertanika J Sci Technol 17:173–181 Nmegbu J, Bekee BA (2014) Evaluation of corn cob cellulose and its suitability for drilling mud formulation. J Eng Res Appl 4:112–117 Nyeche W, Nmegbu J, Ifeoma P (2015) Drilling mud formulation using potato starch (Ipomoea batatas). J Eng Res Appl 5:48–54 Okorie MO (2009) Modifcation of drilling fuid PH with local additives (ash of burnt palm head sponge[BPHSP] and a rich potash mineral known as Trona. Pet Technol Dev J 1:1–16 ISSN: 1595-9104. Omotioma M, Ejikeme PCN, Mbah GO (2014) Comparative analysis of the efects of cashew and mango extracts on the rheological properties of water based mud. J Eng Res Appl 4:56–61 Thomas DC (1982) Thermal stability of starch- and carboxymethyl cellulose-based polymers used in drilling fuids. Society of Petroleum Engineers. https://doi.org/10.2118/8463-pa
Přílohy volně vložené
no appendices
Přílohy vázané v práci
grafy, tabulky
Převzato z knihovny
Ne
Plný text práce
Přílohy
Posudek(y) oponenta
Hodnocení vedoucího
Záznam průběhu obhajoby
The student presented his bachelor's thesis in a PowerPoint presentation. After the presentation
of the introductory information, he addressed the topic of drilling. He described the processes
of drilling and the use of drilling for the extraction of hydrocarbons and focused on drilling muds.
He mentioned the reasons for use nanomaterials, especially those that are biodegradable. Subsequently, he explained the history of previous works and the modern use of biodergadable nanomaterials.
The student described the main topic of the work in the Materials and methods chapters. He described in detail to the properties of the materials used (oak peels, gundelia peels, rambutan peels) and the methodology of preparing nanomaterials from the above mentioned materials, as well as the production of mud fluid. Subsequently, he focused on the rheological and filtration properties (viscosity, gel strength, filtration range, mud cake thickness, etc.). Finally, he expressed the conclusions derived from his own research.
The supervisor of the work was dr. Jagar Ali, who summarized the student's work and then asked
a question about mud cake thickness and the importance of nanorods application. He stated that
a more detailed description of nanorods is missing. He also asked what the specific characteristics were and how the procedures could be improved. He further discussed the viscosity comparison. The candidate answered the questions adequately. The supervisor suggests a grade B (very good).
The opponent was Dr. Pavel Spirov. Overall evaluation of the thesis. Comments and questions: comments 1) explanation of nanorods properties, size, shape, and function, 2) the use of non-SI units, 3) authorship of some pictures. Student answered all the questions, sometimes only partially. The reviewer suggests a grade C (good).
In the discussion of the committee members, Dr. Mansurbeg asked whether the use of the method seems feasible. How to put the materials into operation. The student responded appropriately.
In the public discussion, Rebar asked what the difference is between zinc and zinc oxide. The student explained the difference.