Tato práce se zabývá změnami ve výslovnosti, které se dějí, když je mluvčí vystaven řeči druhých. Představuje relevantní literaturu a navrhuje experiment, ve kterém jsou čeští mluvčí angličtiny vystaveni přirozeným a manipulovaným stimulům rodilého a nerodilého mluvčího angličtiny. Konkrétně se jedná o odlišnou délku samohlásek s ohledem na znělost následující souhlásky, což je v angličtině nápadný jev. Cílem navrhovaného experimentu je prozkoumat, zda posluchači mění svou řeč kvůli rodilému statusu modelového mluvčího, nebo kvůli rodilým charakteristikám v řeči modelového mluvčího. Předpokládá se, že rodilý status bude mít větší váhu než charakteristicky rodilé mluvy.
Anotace v angličtině
This thesis focuses on changes in the pronunciation of speakers that happen after exposure to the speech of others. It reviews the relevant literature and proposes an experiment in which Czech speakers of English are exposed to natural and manipulated stimuli from a native and a non-native speaker of English. Specifically, it is concerned with varying vowel duration with respect to the voicing of the following consonant, which is a salient phenomenon in English. The aim of the proposed experiment is to investigate whether listeners vary their speech because of the models' language background or because of the target-language-like pattern in the model speech. It is hypothesised that the native status will outweigh the native speech features.
Klíčová slova
fonetická imitace, fonetická konvergence, fonetická akomodace, délka vokálu jako signál ke znělosti kody, nerodilí mluvčí angličtiny
Klíčová slova v angličtině
phonetic imitation, phonetic convergence, phonetic accommodation, vowel length as a cue to coda voicing, L2 speakers of English
Rozsah průvodní práce
39 s. (56 391 znaků)
Jazyk
AN
Anotace
Tato práce se zabývá změnami ve výslovnosti, které se dějí, když je mluvčí vystaven řeči druhých. Představuje relevantní literaturu a navrhuje experiment, ve kterém jsou čeští mluvčí angličtiny vystaveni přirozeným a manipulovaným stimulům rodilého a nerodilého mluvčího angličtiny. Konkrétně se jedná o odlišnou délku samohlásek s ohledem na znělost následující souhlásky, což je v angličtině nápadný jev. Cílem navrhovaného experimentu je prozkoumat, zda posluchači mění svou řeč kvůli rodilému statusu modelového mluvčího, nebo kvůli rodilým charakteristikám v řeči modelového mluvčího. Předpokládá se, že rodilý status bude mít větší váhu než charakteristicky rodilé mluvy.
Anotace v angličtině
This thesis focuses on changes in the pronunciation of speakers that happen after exposure to the speech of others. It reviews the relevant literature and proposes an experiment in which Czech speakers of English are exposed to natural and manipulated stimuli from a native and a non-native speaker of English. Specifically, it is concerned with varying vowel duration with respect to the voicing of the following consonant, which is a salient phenomenon in English. The aim of the proposed experiment is to investigate whether listeners vary their speech because of the models' language background or because of the target-language-like pattern in the model speech. It is hypothesised that the native status will outweigh the native speech features.
Klíčová slova
fonetická imitace, fonetická konvergence, fonetická akomodace, délka vokálu jako signál ke znělosti kody, nerodilí mluvčí angličtiny
Klíčová slova v angličtině
phonetic imitation, phonetic convergence, phonetic accommodation, vowel length as a cue to coda voicing, L2 speakers of English
Zásady pro vypracování
There will be two sets of model recordings made by a native and a non-native Czech speaker of English. One of the sets will consist of native pre-fortis clipping values originally recorded by the native speaker. The production of the non-native speaker will be manipulated to match the durational values of the native model's production. The other set will comprise non-native pre-fortis clipping values produced by the non-native speaker. Similarly, the recordings of the native speaker will be manipulated so that they match the non-native speaker's production in terms of vowel duration.
The main question is whether and how Czech learners of English differ in the degree of imitation of pre-fortis clipping values due to the native or non-native status of model speakers.
Zásady pro vypracování
There will be two sets of model recordings made by a native and a non-native Czech speaker of English. One of the sets will consist of native pre-fortis clipping values originally recorded by the native speaker. The production of the non-native speaker will be manipulated to match the durational values of the native model's production. The other set will comprise non-native pre-fortis clipping values produced by the non-native speaker. Similarly, the recordings of the native speaker will be manipulated so that they match the non-native speaker's production in terms of vowel duration.
The main question is whether and how Czech learners of English differ in the degree of imitation of pre-fortis clipping values due to the native or non-native status of model speakers.
Seznam doporučené literatury
Babel, Molly. 2012. "Evidence for phonetic and social selectivity in spontaneous phonetic imitation." Journal of Phonetics, 40(1):177-189. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2011.09.001.
Babel, Molly, Grant McGuire, Sophia Walters, and Alice Nicholls. 2014. "Novelty and social preference in phonetic accommodation." Laboratory Phonology, 5(1):123-150. doi:10.1515/lp-2014-0006.
Enzinna, Naomi. 2018. "The influence of language background and exposure on phonetic accommodation." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, edited by Patrick Farrell, 41:1-15. doi:10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4333.
Gambi, Chiara, and Martin J. Pickering. 2013. "Prediction and imitation in speech." Frontiers in Psychology, 4:340. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00340.
Kim, Midam, William S. Horton, and Ann R. Bradlow. 2011. "Phonetic convergence in spontaneous conversations as a function of interlocutor language distance." Laboratory Phonology, 2(1):125-156. doi:10.1515/labphon.2011.004.
Lev-Ari, Shiri, and Sharon Peperkamp. 2014. "Do people converge to the linguistic patterns of non-reliable speakers? Perceptual learning from non-native speakers." Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar on Speech Production (ISSP), edited by Susanne Fuchs, Martine Grice, Anne Hermes, Leonardo Lancia, and Doris Mücke, 257-160. Cologne.
Nguyen, Noël, and Véronique Delvaux. 2015. "Role of imitation in the emergence of phonological systems." Journal of Phonetics, 53:46-54. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2015.08.004.
Pardo, Jennifer S. 2013. "Measuring phonetic convergence in speech production." Frontiers in Psychology, 4:559. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00559.
Tobin, Stephen J., Hosung Nam, and Carol A. Fowler. 2017. "Phonetic drift in Spanish-English bilinguals: Experiment and a self-organizing model." Journal of Phonetics, 65:45-59. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2017.05.006.
Zając, Magdalena. 2013. "Phonetic Imitation of Vowel Duration in L2 Speech." Research in Language, 11(1):19-29. doi:10.2478/v10015-012-0009-5.
Zając, Magdalena, and Arkadiusz Rojczyk. 2014. "Imitation of English vowel duration upon exposure to native and non-native speech." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 50(4):495-514. doi:10.1515/psicl-2014-0025.
Seznam doporučené literatury
Babel, Molly. 2012. "Evidence for phonetic and social selectivity in spontaneous phonetic imitation." Journal of Phonetics, 40(1):177-189. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2011.09.001.
Babel, Molly, Grant McGuire, Sophia Walters, and Alice Nicholls. 2014. "Novelty and social preference in phonetic accommodation." Laboratory Phonology, 5(1):123-150. doi:10.1515/lp-2014-0006.
Enzinna, Naomi. 2018. "The influence of language background and exposure on phonetic accommodation." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, edited by Patrick Farrell, 41:1-15. doi:10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4333.
Gambi, Chiara, and Martin J. Pickering. 2013. "Prediction and imitation in speech." Frontiers in Psychology, 4:340. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00340.
Kim, Midam, William S. Horton, and Ann R. Bradlow. 2011. "Phonetic convergence in spontaneous conversations as a function of interlocutor language distance." Laboratory Phonology, 2(1):125-156. doi:10.1515/labphon.2011.004.
Lev-Ari, Shiri, and Sharon Peperkamp. 2014. "Do people converge to the linguistic patterns of non-reliable speakers? Perceptual learning from non-native speakers." Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar on Speech Production (ISSP), edited by Susanne Fuchs, Martine Grice, Anne Hermes, Leonardo Lancia, and Doris Mücke, 257-160. Cologne.
Nguyen, Noël, and Véronique Delvaux. 2015. "Role of imitation in the emergence of phonological systems." Journal of Phonetics, 53:46-54. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2015.08.004.
Pardo, Jennifer S. 2013. "Measuring phonetic convergence in speech production." Frontiers in Psychology, 4:559. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00559.
Tobin, Stephen J., Hosung Nam, and Carol A. Fowler. 2017. "Phonetic drift in Spanish-English bilinguals: Experiment and a self-organizing model." Journal of Phonetics, 65:45-59. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2017.05.006.
Zając, Magdalena. 2013. "Phonetic Imitation of Vowel Duration in L2 Speech." Research in Language, 11(1):19-29. doi:10.2478/v10015-012-0009-5.
Zając, Magdalena, and Arkadiusz Rojczyk. 2014. "Imitation of English vowel duration upon exposure to native and non-native speech." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 50(4):495-514. doi:10.1515/psicl-2014-0025.