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Hlavní téma
Archaeopteryx: Fylogenetická příbuznost, životní historie a biomechanická schopnost pohybu na základě virtualní osteologie a histologie
Hlavní téma v angličtině
Archaeopteryx Inside Out: Phylogenetic Affinities, Life History, and Biomechanical Performance of Archaeopteryx studied through Virtual Osteology and Histology.
1. Three-dimensional reconstruction and modelling of postcranial material of non-avian theropods, Archaeopteryx and birds, and subsequent segmentation, visualisation and comparative study of the (virtual) paleohistology of these focal taxa
2. Qualitative reconstruction of the biomechanical performance of Archaeopteryx and the referred taxa that accompany the transition from non-avian to avian theropods through morphometric analysis of developmental change and finite element analysis
3. Identification, description and statistical assessment of the anatomical characters pertaining to locomotion within the focal assembly
4. Identification of the evolutionary trajectories of physiological aspects governing the development of aerial locomotion in the focal taxa
Zásady pro vypracování
1. Three-dimensional reconstruction and modelling of postcranial material of non-avian theropods, Archaeopteryx and birds, and subsequent segmentation, visualisation and comparative study of the (virtual) paleohistology of these focal taxa
2. Qualitative reconstruction of the biomechanical performance of Archaeopteryx and the referred taxa that accompany the transition from non-avian to avian theropods through morphometric analysis of developmental change and finite element analysis
3. Identification, description and statistical assessment of the anatomical characters pertaining to locomotion within the focal assembly
4. Identification of the evolutionary trajectories of physiological aspects governing the development of aerial locomotion in the focal taxa
Seznam doporučené literatury
Burgers, P. & Chiappe, L. M. The wing of Archaeopteryx as a primary thrust generator. Nature 399, 6062 (1999).
De Margerie, E., Sanchez, S., Cubo, J. & Castanet, J. Torsional resistance as a principal component of the structural design of long bones: Comparative multivariate evidence in birds. The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology (2004). doi:10.1002/ar.a.20141
Erickson, G. M. et al. Was Dinosaurian Physiology Inherited by Birds? Reconciling Slow Growth in Archaeopteryx. PLoS ONE 4, e7390 (2009).
Habib, M. B. & Ruff, C. B. The effects of locomotion on the structural characteristics of avian limb bones. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 153, 601624 (2008).
Ponton, F., Montes, L., Castanet, J. & Cubo, J. Bone histological correlates of high-frequency flapping flight and body mass in the furculae of birds: a phylogenetic approach. Biological journal of the Linnean Society 91, 729738 (2007).
Ruben, J. Reptilian Physiology and the Flight Capacity of Archaeopteryx. Evolution 45, 1 (1991).
Sanchez, S. et al. 3D Microstructural Architecture of Muscle Attachments in Extant and Fossil Vertebrates Revealed by Synchrotron Microtomography. PLoS ONE 8, e56992 (2013).
Simons, E. L. R. & O'connor, P. M. Bone Laminarity in the Avian Forelimb Skeleton and Its Relationship to Flight Mode: Testing Functional Interpretations. The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology 295, 386396 (2012).
Simons, E. L. R., Hieronymus, T. L. & O'Connor, P. M. Cross sectional geometry of the forelimb skeleton and flight mode in pelecaniform birds. Journal of Morphology 272, 958971 (2011).
Starck, J. M. & Chinsamy, A. Bone microstructure and developmental plasticity in birds and other dinosaurs. Journal of Morphology 254, 232246 (2002).
Tafforeau, P. et al. Applications of X-ray synchrotron microtomography for non-destructive 3D studies of paleontological specimens. Applied Physics A 83, 195202 (2006).
Seznam doporučené literatury
Burgers, P. & Chiappe, L. M. The wing of Archaeopteryx as a primary thrust generator. Nature 399, 6062 (1999).
De Margerie, E., Sanchez, S., Cubo, J. & Castanet, J. Torsional resistance as a principal component of the structural design of long bones: Comparative multivariate evidence in birds. The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology (2004). doi:10.1002/ar.a.20141
Erickson, G. M. et al. Was Dinosaurian Physiology Inherited by Birds? Reconciling Slow Growth in Archaeopteryx. PLoS ONE 4, e7390 (2009).
Habib, M. B. & Ruff, C. B. The effects of locomotion on the structural characteristics of avian limb bones. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 153, 601624 (2008).
Ponton, F., Montes, L., Castanet, J. & Cubo, J. Bone histological correlates of high-frequency flapping flight and body mass in the furculae of birds: a phylogenetic approach. Biological journal of the Linnean Society 91, 729738 (2007).
Ruben, J. Reptilian Physiology and the Flight Capacity of Archaeopteryx. Evolution 45, 1 (1991).
Sanchez, S. et al. 3D Microstructural Architecture of Muscle Attachments in Extant and Fossil Vertebrates Revealed by Synchrotron Microtomography. PLoS ONE 8, e56992 (2013).
Simons, E. L. R. & O'connor, P. M. Bone Laminarity in the Avian Forelimb Skeleton and Its Relationship to Flight Mode: Testing Functional Interpretations. The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology 295, 386396 (2012).
Simons, E. L. R., Hieronymus, T. L. & O'Connor, P. M. Cross sectional geometry of the forelimb skeleton and flight mode in pelecaniform birds. Journal of Morphology 272, 958971 (2011).
Starck, J. M. & Chinsamy, A. Bone microstructure and developmental plasticity in birds and other dinosaurs. Journal of Morphology 254, 232246 (2002).
Tafforeau, P. et al. Applications of X-ray synchrotron microtomography for non-destructive 3D studies of paleontological specimens. Applied Physics A 83, 195202 (2006).
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Záznam průběhu obhajoby
The defense started with the introduction of the candidate. Dennis Voeten then was presented the methods - microtography and radiography and the fossils he used. Then he presented the main results and his interpretation. Both reviews were positive. He answered all questions in the discussion on the structure.