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Lecturer(s)
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Křístková Eva, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Smýkal Petr, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Genetic diversity (significance, protection); 2. Conservation of plant germplasm, sources of plant material for the breeding; 3. Role of plant breeding, its history and development in the world and in the Czech Republic; 4. Biological and methodological principles of plant breeding (centers of origin of cultivated plant, sources of genetic diversity, influence of the way of plant propagation to the selection of breeding method); 5. Fundamental principles, genetic structure of the cultivars, variability of cultivated plants, important features of cultivated plants; 6. Conventional methods and techniques of plant breeding: selection (natural, controlled, individual, grouped, clone), crossing (techniques, lines, populations, plant heterozis, distant hybridization, pollen sterility, somatic hybridization); 7. Utilization of haploids and polyploids in the plant breeding; 8. Mutations in plant breeding (biological background, induction, detection of mutants); 9. Genetic manipulations in plant breeding, transgenic plants, DNA fingerprinting. manipulation with genetically modified plants; 10. Methods of plant breeding, quantitative and qualitative traits, heritability, selection indexes; 11. Fundamentals of genomic technologies (principles, PCR, molecular hybridization, DNA cloning, order of bases in the cloned DNA, molecular markers, protein markers); 12. Breeding aims (yield, quality, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors); 13. Breeding technique (breeding nursery, documentation, data collection and processing), new-breeding, maintenance of cultivars; 14. Organization of plant breeding and seed production, research, legislation.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Demonstration, Projection (static, dynamic), Laboratory Work
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the course is to explain conventional and modern methods and approaches in the plant breeding, to elucidate the impact of the species- and intraspecific diversities of plants and to explain the possibilities of their enlargement. Acquired knowledge is complementary either for students of botany, either for future teachers of biology on basic schools.
After attending the course student will be able to explain conventional and modern methods and approaches in the plant breeding, and to elucidate the impact of the species- and intraspecific diversities of plants and to explain the possibilities of their enlargement.
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Prerequisites
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Basic knowledge of botany, plant physiology, genetics.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Mark, Oral exam, Written exam, Seminar Work
Knowledge in extent of lectures, practical exercises and recommended literature, 100% participation in practical exercises; Elaboration of protocols from practical exercises.
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Recommended literature
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Acquaah G. (2012). Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding. Wiley - Blackwell.
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Brown, J., Caligari, P. (2009). An introduction to plant breeding. Blackwell Publishing Cornwall.
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Houba, M., Hosnedl, V. (2002). Osivo a sadba, praktické semenářství.
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Chloupek, O. (2008). Genetická diverzita, šlechtění a semenářství. Academia ČMT, Praha.
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Schlegel, R.H.J. (2010). Dictionary of plant breeding.. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
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Welsh, J.R. (1981). Fundamentals of plant genetics and breeding.. Wiley, New York.
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