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Lecturer(s)
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Smýkal Petr, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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The beginning of biometry. Early work on the basis of individual variation. Pre and Post-Darwinian ideas about evolution. Modern views on the basis of variation. Reproductive strategies. Intraspecific variation, conception of ecotype. Recent progress in population genetics. Species and speciation. Speciation and hybridization. Polyploidy. Mutagenesis. Hybridization. Abrupt speciation. Conception of species. Evolution and fylogeny. Basis of plant evolutionary development (evo-devo).
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Projection (static, dynamic)
- Preparation for the Exam
- 40 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The course provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the sources and mechanisms of plant variation and their roles in plant evolution, speciation, and diversification. It introduces the genetic, phenotypic, and reproductive variability of plants within a phylogenetic and evolutionary framework, emphasizing the interplay between evolutionary processes and adaptation to diverse environments. Particular attention is given to the evolutionary significance of plant reproductive systems, including self-fertilization, outcrossing, vegetative reproduction, and apomixis, and their influence on population structure and genetic diversity. The course further explores hybridization, introgression, polyploidization, and other genomic changes as major drivers of evolutionary innovation and the origin of new plant lineages and species. Students will examine the relationships among genetic variation, ecological differentiation, and phylogeny, and will gain insight into the roles of natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and reproductive isolation in shaping plant biodiversity. Classical concepts of plant evolution are integrated with contemporary molecular approaches, enabling students to interpret evolutionary patterns across both wild and cultivated plant taxa. Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to explain the principal mechanisms responsible for the origin and maintenance of plant variation, critically evaluate evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships among plant taxa, and apply these concepts to the study of plant evolution, domestication, and diversification.
Student should be able to (after attending the course): - Apply experience from botany, genetics, ecology and phytogeography in understanding the biology of species. - Recall the most important historical opinions on plant variation. - Explain the differences in reproduction modes and their impact on plant variation - Define the reasons and consequences of inter- and intraspecific genetic variability. - Causes and consequences of hybridization and polyploidy. - Explain different ways of speciation. Endemism. - Define the species. - Choose and apply proper methodology of phenotypic and genetic analysis of plant variation
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Prerequisites
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Knowledge of plant taxonomy, systematics and physiology. Basis of genetics and plant molecular biology.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Mark, Oral exam
knowledge in extent of the lectures. Minimum of 50% presence of lectures.
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Recommended literature
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& Henry, R. J. (2005). Plant diversity and evolution: genotypic and phenotypic variation in higher plants. Wallingford.
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Briggs, D. et Walters, S. M. (2001). Proměnlivost a evoluce rostlin..
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Briggs D., Walters S.M. (1997). Plant Variation and Evolution.
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Campbell, N. A. a kol. (2006). Biologie.
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Flegr J. (2005). Evoluční biologie. Praha.
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Ingrouille, M., & Eddie, B. (2006). Plants: evolution and diversity. Cambridge.
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Leitch, I. J., Greilhuber, J., Doležal, J., & Wendel, J. F. (2013). Plant genome diversity. Wien.
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Stace C. A. (1980). Plant Taxonomy and Biosystematics. London.
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Willis, K. J., & McElwain, J. C. (2002). The evolution of plants. New York, N.Y.
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