Course: Genetics and Molecular Biology of Host-pathogen Interactions

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Course title Genetics and Molecular Biology of Host-pathogen Interactions
Course code BOT/GMBIP
Organizational form of instruction Lecture
Level of course Master
Year of study not specified
Semester Winter
Number of ECTS credits 3
Language of instruction Czech
Status of course Compulsory-optional
Form of instruction Face-to-face
Work placements This is not an internship
Recommended optional programme components None
Lecturer(s)
  • Smýkal Petr, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
Course content
Principles of genetics, genetics of qualitative and quantitative traits, principles of gene mapping and interations. Genetical determinacy of resistance, resistance genes - virulence genes. Process of infection-reaction of host to pathogen. Pathogenesis and virulence. Recognition systems in host and pathogenes interactions. Defense mechanisms. Mechanisms and types of plant resistances. Molecular and biochemical principle and physiology of defense reaction. Population genetic, migration and pathogen adaptation. Evolution of gene to gene interactions in natural pathosystems. Evolution of reistance genes. Co-evolution of host and pathogen. Resistance breeding. Exploration of transgenosis and gene editting in plant resistance.

Learning activities and teaching methods
Lecture, Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Projection (static, dynamic)
  • Attendace - 26 hours per semester
Learning outcomes
The course aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms governing interactions between plants and their pathogens and to explain their significance for disease development, the evolution of plant defense strategies, and pathogen adaptation. The course introduces the principles of molecular phytopathology and explores host-pathogen interactions within the broader context of coevolution, genetic diversity, and selective pressures. Particular emphasis is placed on the molecular basis of plant immunity, including pathogen recognition, immune signaling pathways, effector-triggered interactions, resistance (R) and avirulence (Avr) genes, systemic acquired resistance, and other plant defense responses. Students will gain insight into the genetic diversity of plant pathogens, the evolutionary mechanisms by which pathogens overcome host resistance, and the role of host specificity in disease emergence and spread. The course also introduces modern approaches for studying host-pathogen interactions, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, functional genetics, molecular marker technologies, and bioinformatics. Attention is given to the identification and characterization of resistance genes, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, and the application of genome editing and other molecular tools for the development of disease-resistant crop varieties. Upon successful completion of the course, students will understand the molecular basis of compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions, be able to interpret the genetic mechanisms underlying resistance and virulence, and critically evaluate the application of contemporary molecular approaches in phytopathological research and in breeding crops for resistance to biotic stresses.
Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to explain the fundamental genetic and molecular principles underlying plant-pathogen interactions and their role in disease development, plant immunity, and pathogen evolution. They will understand the molecular mechanisms of pathogen recognition, immune signaling, effector-triggered responses, and the genetic basis of resistance and virulence. Students will be able to describe the major models of host-pathogen interactions, interpret the function of resistance (R) and avirulence (Avr) genes, and explain the evolutionary processes that shape host resistance and pathogen adaptation. They will gain an understanding of the significance of genetic diversity in both hosts and pathogens and its impact on disease dynamics and the durability of resistance. Graduates of the course will be able to evaluate the application of modern molecular and genomic approaches, including molecular markers, functional genomics, transcriptomics, and genome editing, in the study of plant diseases and the development of disease-resistant crop varieties. They will be capable of critically interpreting scientific literature and applying their knowledge to phytopathological research, plant breeding, and the management of biotic stresses in agricultural systems.
Prerequisites
General genetics. Botany and plant physiology. Phytopathology.

Assessment methods and criteria
Oral exam

Knowledge in extent of lectures and recommended literature.
Recommended literature
  • Acquaah G. (2012). Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding. Wiley.
  • Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant Pathology. 5th Edition. Oxford.
  • Buchanan B.B., Gruissem W., Jones R.L. (2001). Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants.. Soc. Plant Physiol. Rockville.
  • Dickinson, M. (2003). Molecular plant pathology.
  • Řepková, J., Relichová, J. (2001). Genetika rostlin. 1. vyd.. Brno.
  • Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Genetika. Brno.
  • Šmarda, J. a kol. (2005). Metody molekulární biologie. Brno.
  • Welsh, J.R. (1981). Fundamentals of plant genetics and breeding.. New York.


Study plans that include the course
Faculty Study plan (Version) Category of Branch/Specialization Recommended year of study Recommended semester
Faculty: Faculty of Science Study plan (Version): Plant Pathology (2019) Category: Biology courses - Recommended year of study:-, Recommended semester: Winter