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Lecturer(s)
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Kořalková Pavla, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Šimková Dana, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Divoký Vladimír, doc. RNDr. Ph.D.
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Rašková Kafková Leona, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Fellnerová Ivana, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Horváthová Monika, doc. Mgr. Ph.D.
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Rohoň Peter, doc. MUDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Introduction to lab work. Microscopy Techniques. Elementary skills in microscopy, preparation of a specimen. Microscopy Techniques. How to observe stained vs. unstained structures - manipulating the contrast and penetration power. Magnification vs. resolving power. Demonstration of selected techniques. Inoculation of plates. Microorganisms. Evaluation of exposed plates. Bacterial streak plate, yeast streak plate. The epithelial cells colonized by bacteria in mouth cavity. The vital specimen of motile bacterium Clostridium butyricum. Stained preparation of bacterium Escherichia coli. Cell Structure and their Cultivation: Mammalian Cells. Mammalian cells cultures, characterization of cell growth. Cell viability estimation. Semisolid cell cultures; liquid cell cultures. Adherent cell culture. DNA, genetic information, chromosome structure. Proteins. Demonstration: Detection of abnormal hemoglobin on acrylamide gel. Immunodetection of cytoplasmic and nuclear protein, pathological localization of protein. Inclusion bodies of abnormal hemoglobin in red blood cells. Enzymes. Determination of pH optimum for acidic phosphatase. Human amylase activity in a saliva sample. The proof of peroxidase in blood serum. Biomembranes, Osmosis, Homeostasis. Self-assembly of lecithin molecules. Blood cells lysis by detergent. Blood cells in hypertonic solution. Plasmolysis and deplasmolysis. Cell cycle. Mitosis Cell cycle analysis using flow-cytometry, examination of cell nuclei using light microscopy. Cell growth. Mitosis in plant cells. Meiosis. Gametogenesis. Meiosis in locust. Spermatogenesis in human. Blastocyst formation. Cell differentiation, apoptosis. Differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell into blood lineages, blood smears examination. Impaired differentiation in cancer cells. Estimation of caspase activity. Defects in cell differentiation and apoptosis. Blood and Cells of Immune System. Oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes. Individual presentations to the theme. Cell biology.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Monologic Lecture(Interpretation, Training), Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming), Observation, Laboratory Work
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Learning outcomes
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The subject advances the subject matter of secondary school biology and extends the students' knowledge of cellular biology and genetics, focused on human organism. The practicum is designed to help students to understand the links between dysfunctional biological processes and development of human diseases.
The subject allows students to understand elementary cellular processes and rules controlling reproduction of cells and organisms. The knowledge is essential for further study of medicine as well as for clinical practice.
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Prerequisites
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Students ought to have fundamental biology attainments at the secondary education level.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Mark, Dialog, Seminar Work
The attendance of obligatory lab works and seminars in regular or in substitute terms; passed tests; written protocols based on the lab work. Semester credit. Written and oral examination after the second semester of study.
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Recommended literature
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& Alberts, B. (2010). Essential cell biology. New York, N.Y: Garland Science.
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McInnes, Roderick R. (2001). Thompson and Thompson genetics in medicine. W. B. Saundesr Company.
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