|
Lecturer(s)
|
-
Kryštof Vladimír, prof. RNDr. Ph.D.
|
|
Course content
|
Introduction (basic terminology and nomenclature, historical milestones in cancer research). Molecular basis of neoplastic transformation (chromatin structure, classification of mutations, mutagens and carcinogens, genetic instability). Regulation of gene expression (transcription factors, epigenetic changes of chromatin). Telomeres and telomerases (structure and function, immortalization). Cell cycle (growth and division, phases, regulation mechanisms, check points in normal and cancer cell). Apoptosis (types of cell death, intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, proteases and DNases). Growth factor signaling and oncogenes (growth factor receptor pathway, classification of oncogenes, oncogenic activation). Tumor suppression (evidence of existence, discovery, classification, two-hit hypothesis). Cancer stem cells (cellular hierarchy, features of normal and cancer stem cells, self-renewal, differentiation, malignant hematopoiesis). Metastasis and angiogenesis (intravasation, extravasation, adhesion molecules, proteases, angiogenesis and neovascularization). Therapeutical approaches (cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy). Modern targeted therapy (design and development of modern anticancer drugs, inhibitors of oncogenes, reactivation of tumor suppressors, oncolytic viruses, immunotherapy, vaccination). Recommended knowledge: Basic knowledge of cell biology, molecular biology and biochemistry. Attendance of Cell Cycle and Apoptosis (BUCY) is recommended.
|
|
Learning activities and teaching methods
|
|
Lecture
|
|
Learning outcomes
|
The aim of the course is to introduce students to the biological properties of cancer cells, the molecular mechanisms of their origin and progression, and the principles of their study in both experimental and clinical contexts.
The student understands the main molecular and cellular mechanisms of cancer transformation, can explain the differences between normal and cancer cells, is familiar with oncogenes, tumor suppressors, drivers and passengers, fundamental experimental approaches used in cancer cell biology and is able to critically analyze scientific literature.
|
|
Prerequisites
|
Knowledge of general and cell biology, biochemistry and genetics at the bachelor's level.
|
|
Assessment methods and criteria
|
Mark, Oral exam
Successful passing of oral exam - a discussion on a given topic
|
|
Recommended literature
|
-
F. Macdonald, C.H.J. Ford, A.G. Casson. (2004). Molecular Biology of Cancer. BIOS Scientific Publishers.
-
Ian F. Tannock, Richard P. Hill, Robert G. Bristow, Lea Harrington. (2004). The Basic Science of Oncology. McGraw-Hill Professional.
-
Lauren Pecorino. (2005). Molecular Biology Of Cancer: Mechanisms, Targets, And Therapeutics. Oxford University Press.
-
Margaret Knowles and Peter Selby. (2005). Introduction to the Cellular and Molecular Biology of Cancer. Oxford University Press.
-
Pecorino L. Molecular Biology of Cancer Mechanisms, Targets, and Therapeutics. Oxford University Press, Velká Británie.
-
Slabý, O. et al. (2015). Molekulární medicína. Galén.
-
Zdeněk Kolář a kol. (2003). Molekulární patologie nádorů. Epava.
|