1. Binary relations, reflexive, symmetric and transitive relations. Equivalence relations and partitions, quotient sets. 2. Grupoids, semigroups and groups. Natural and integer powers in semigroups and groups. Homomorphisms and congruence relations, quotient grupoids, the homomorphism theorem for grupoids. Subgroups and normal subgroups of groups. Congruence relations and homomorphisms of groups. Quotient groups. The homomorphism theorem for groups, isomorphism theorems. Subgroup generated by a set, order of a subgroup and of an element. Cyclic groups. Permutation groups, the Cayley theorem. Direct products of groupoids. 3. Rings, integral domains and fields. Ideals, prime ideals and maximal ideals. Homomorphism and congruence relations, quotient rings. The homomorphism theorem. Order of an element, characteristic of a ring. 5. Divisibility in integral domains. Units, irreducible and prime elements. Greatest common divisor, least common multiple. Ideal generated by a set, pricipal ideal domains. Euclidean domains, Gaussian domains. 6. Partially ordered sets. Mappings of partially ordered sets: monotone, antitone, isomorphic embedding, isomorphism. Distinguished elements: maximal, minimal, greatest, least. Lower and upper cone of a set, directed sets. Supremum and infimum, semilattices. The Zorn lemma. 7. Lattices: Partially ordered sets and algebras. Complete lattices, the fixed point theorem. Sublattices. Lattice homomorphisms and congruence relations. Quotient lattices, homomorphism theorem. Ideals (and filters) of lattices. Ideal generated by a set, principal ideals.
|
-
Bican L. (2004). Lineární algebra a geometrie. Academia Praha.
-
Burris S., Sankappanavar H. P. (1981). A Course in Universal Algebra. Springer-Verlag, New York.
-
Halaš R., Chajda I. (1999). Cvičení z algebry. VUP Olomouc.
-
Hort D., Rachůnek, J. (2003). Algebra1. VUP Olomouc.
-
I., Chajda. (1999). Úvod do algebry. UP Olomouc.
-
Jukl M. (2006). Lineární algebra. UP Olomouc.
-
Rachůnek, J. (2005). Grupy a okruhy. VUP Olomouc.
|