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Lecturer(s)
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Cichá Martina, doc. Mgr. Ph.D.
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Tománková Kristína, RNDr. PhD.
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Horáková Dagmar, prof. MUDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Introduction to physiology. Physiological functions, internal environment, humoral and neuronal control mechanisms and organ systems physiology. Dynamic stability of the internal environment (homeostasis), perserving the integrity of the organism. Body fluids, composition and volumes. Biological membranes. Cell membranes and mechanisms involved in the transport of substances through membranes. Physiology of blood and its function. Blood composition, function of blood components, blood groups, blood transfusions. Specific and non-specific immunity. Physiology of cardiovascular apparatus. Heart revolution, work and heart performance, energy of heart activity. External manifestations of cardiac activity. Myocardial electrical activity. Electrocardiography. Haemodynamics, its peculiarities in lungs, heart muscle and brain. Special features of blood circulation in myocardium, brain and splanchnic area. Blood pressure and influencing factors, blood pressure measurement. Regulation of cardiovascular system. Physiology of breathing. Breathing and the body. Lung volumes and capacities, physiological values and measurement options. Types of breathing, breath pattern, controlled breathing. Pneumotorax. Breathing under changed conditions (hypoxia, hyperoxia). Digestion and absorption. Motor and secretory activities. The role of the liver and gall bladder in digestion and resorption. Physiology of substance and energy conversion. General principles of metabolism. Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Measurement of energy conversion. Intake of food and fluids, food intake management. Principles of proper nutrition, the role of vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Excretion Physiology. Functional morphology of kidneys. Urine formation. The role of kidneys in homeostasis of the inner environment. Body fluids. Regulation of volume and osmolarity ECT and Na +, K +. Mechanisms maintaining a constant temperature. Glands with internal secretion. Mechanism of hormone action. Endocrine functions of the pancreas. Physiology of reproduction. Neurophysiology. Construction of the nervous system. Spinal spinal cord (spinal shock), prolonged spinal cord, cerebellum, brain stem and bark. Memory. Autonomic nervous system.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecture, Dialogic Lecture (Discussion, Dialog, Brainstorming)
- Attendace
- 52 hours per semester
- Preparation for the Exam
- 8 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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After completing the course students should be able to: - apply knowledge from anatomy, biology, biochemistry and biophysics to the subject of physiology; - define the function of the organism as a whole; - describe and explain the function of particular systems from molecular to organ level.
Knowledge of human physiology at bachelor level of education.
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Prerequisites
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The course summarizes the whole issue of human physiology including pathological changes in the functions of particular organ systems.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral exam
Work on PC, Internet connection, submission of written work.
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Recommended literature
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Mourek, J., Novotná, K., & Řeháková, J. (2012). Fyziologie: učebnice pro studenty zdravotnických oborů. Praha: Grada Publishing.
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Silbernagl, S., Despopoulos, A. (2004). Atlas fyziologie člověka. Praha: Grada Publishing.
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SILBERNAGL, S, LANG, F. Atlas patofyziologie člověka 2001.
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